Shaandhaynta Gudbinta Band Passive
Shaandhaynta Gudbinta Band Passivewaxa la samayn karaa iyada oo la isku xidho shaandhaynta ka gudubka hoose iyo shaandhada baaska sare
Filter-ka Passive Band Pass Filter waxa loo istcimaali karaa in lagu karantiilo ama lagu shaandheeyo soo noqnoqoshooyin gaar ah oo dhex jiifa qayb gaar ah ama tirooyin tiro badan. Inta jeer ee la gooyey ama barta ƒc ee shaandhada dadban ee fudud ee RC si sax ah ayaa loo kontarooli karaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo kaliya iska caabin taxane ah oo leh capacitor aan dabaylaha ahayn, waxayna ku xidhan tahay dariiqa ay ku xidhan yihiin, waxaanu aragnay in Pass Low Pass ama shaandhada Sare la helo.
Mid ka mid ah isticmaalka fudud ee noocyadan filtarrada dadban ayaa ku jira codsiyada cod-weyneeye ama wareegyada sida shaandhada cod-baahiyaha ama kontaroolada dhawaaqa cod-weyneeye ka hor. Mararka qaarkood waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la dhaafo tiro taxanayaal ah oo aan ka bilaaban 0Hz, (DC) ama ku dhammaanaya barta soo noqnoqoshada sare ee sare laakiin ku dhex jira xad gaar ah ama xargaha soo noqnoqda, ama cidhiidhi ama ballaaran.
Isku xirka ama "cascading" hal mar oo wareeg ah Filter Filter oo hooseeya oo leh wareegga Filterka Sare ee Sare, waxaan soo saari karnaa nooc kale oo shaandhada RC ah oo aan caadi ahayn oo dhaafa xad la doortay ama "band" ee soo noqnoqonaya kuwaas oo noqon kara mid cidhiidhi ah ama ballaaran iyadoo la xoojinayo dhammaan kuwa ka baxsan xadkan. Noocan cusub ee habaynta shaandhada dadban waxay soo saartaa shaandhada xulashada inta jeer ee loo yaqaan Filter Band Pass Filter ama BPF gaaban.
Si ka duwan shaandhada ka gudubka hoose ee kaliya ee gudbisa calaamadaha kala duwanaanshaha soo noqnoqda hooseeya ama shaandhada sare ee gudbisa calaamadaha kala duwanaanta soo noqnoqda, Band Pass Filters waxay soo gudbisaa calaamadaha gudaha "band" ama "faafin" soo noqnoqoshada iyada oo aan la leexin calaamadda gelinta ama soo bandhigin buuq dheeraad ah. Xajmigan soo noqnoqda wuxuu noqon karaa balac kasta waxaana caadi ahaan loo yaqaan filtarrada Bandwidth.
Bandwidth waxaa caadi ahaan lagu qeexaa inta jeer ee u dhaxaysa labada dhibcood ee soo noqnoqda ee la cayimay ( ƒc ), kuwaas oo 3dB ka hooseeya xarunta ugu badan ama heerka ugu sarreeya marka la yareeyo ama la daciifiyo kuwa kale ee ka baxsan labadan dhibcood.
Kadibna soo noqnoqoshada baahsanaanta, waxaan si fudud u qeexi karnaa ereyga "bandwidth", BW inuu yahay farqiga u dhexeeya soo noqnoqoshada hoose ee goynta ( ƒcLOWER ) iyo inta jeer ee goynta sare ( ƒcHIGHER ) dhibcood. Si kale haddii loo dhigo, BW = ƒH – ƒL. Si cad si uu shaandheynta band-baasku si sax ah u shaqeyso, inta jeer ee la jaray shaandhada baaska hoose waa in ay ka sarraysaa inta jeer ee la jaray shaandhada baaska sare.
Filterka Baasaboorka "ku haboon" waxa kale oo loo isticmaali karaa in lagu go'doomiyo ama lagu shaandheeyo soo noqnoqoshooyin gaar ah oo dhex jiifa qayb gaar ah oo isdabajoog ah, tusaale ahaan, baabi'inta qaylada. Shaandheeyayaasha kaarka band ayaa guud ahaan loo yaqaan filtarrada-dalabka labaad, (laba tiir) sababtoo ah waxay leeyihiin "laba" qayb falgal ah, capacitors, oo ku dhex jira naqshadooda wareegga. Mid ka mid ah capacitor ee wareegga hoose ee baska iyo capacitor kale ee wareegga sare ee baska.
Dhagarta Bode ama qalooca jawaabta soo noqnoqda ee kore waxay tusinaysaa sifooyinka shaandhada baaska guutada. Halkan calaamada waxa lagu yareeyaa soo noqnoqoshada hoose iyada oo wax-soo-saarku uu kordho jiirka +20dB/Tobaneeyo (6dB/Octave) ilaa inta jeer ee uu gaadho "gooynta hoose" barta ƒL. Inta jeer ee korontadu waxay soo saartaa mar kale 1/√2 = 70.7% ee qiimaha calaamadaynta ama -3dB (20*log(VOUT/VIN))
Wax-soo-saarku wuxuu ku sii socdaa faa'iidada ugu badan ilaa uu ka gaadho "gooynta sare" barta ƒH halkaas oo wax soo saarku hoos u dhaco heerka -20dB/Toban sano (6dB/Octave) iyadoo hoos u dhigaysa calaamad kasta oo soo noqnoqota. Barta faa'iidada ugu badan ee wax soo saarka guud ahaan waa celceliska joomatari ee labada -3dB ee u dhexeeya dhibcaha goynta hoose iyo sare waxaana loo yaqaan "Frequency Center" ama "Resonant Peak" qiimaha ƒr. Qiimaha celceliska joomatari waxaa loo xisaabiyaa isagoo ah ƒr 2 = ƒ(SARE) x ƒ(HOOSE).
Ashaandhada ka gudubka bandwaxaa loo tixgaliyaa sida sifeynta nooca labaad (laba ciir) sababtoo ah waxay leedahay "laba" qaybood oo falcelin ah oo ku dhex jira qaab dhismeedka wareegga, ka dibna xagasha wejigu waxay noqon doontaa labanlaab kii hore ee shaandhada hore loo arkay, ie, 180o. Xagasha wejiga ee calaamadda wax-soo-saarka LEADS ka mid ah gelinta +90o ilaa xarunta ama inta jeer ee resonant, ƒr dhibic waxay noqonaysaa "eber" degrees (0o) ama "in-wejiga" ka dibna u beddelo LAG gelinta by -90o sida soo noqnoqda wax soo saarka kordho.
Dhibcaha soo noqnoqda ee sare iyo hoose ee la jaray ee shaandhada ka gudubka band waxaa laga heli karaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo qaacido la mid ah kan shaandhada hoose iyo sare labadaba, Tusaale ahaan.
Unugyadu waxay la yimaaddaan isku xidhayaasha SMA ama N dheddigga, ama 2.92mm, 2.40mm, iyo 1.85mm xidhayaasha qaybaha soo noqnoqda sare.
Waxaan sidoo kale u habeyn karnaa Filter-ka Gudubka Band si waafaqsan shuruudahaaga. Waxaad geli kartaa bogga habaynta si aad u bixiso qeexitaannada aad u baahan tahay.
Waqtiga boostada: Sebtembar-06-2022
