Shaandheeyayaasha Gudbinta Band-ka Dadban
Shaandheeyayaasha Gudbinta Band-ka Dadbanwaxaa lagu samayn karaa iyadoo la isku xidho shaandho yar oo leh shaandho sare oo leh
Shaandhada Gudbinta Baaxada Dadban waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu kala saaro ama lagu sifeeyo mawjadaha qaarkood ee ku jira koox gaar ah ama tiro mawjado ah. Soo noqnoqoshada goynta ama barta ƒc ee shaandhada RC ee fudud waxaa si sax ah loo xakameyn karaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo hal iska caabin oo taxane ah oo leh kapastor aan polarized ahayn, iyadoo ku xiran habka ay ku xiran yihiin, waxaan aragnay in la helo shaandhada Hoos u Dhaca ama High Pass.
Hal isticmaal oo fudud oo loogu talagalay noocyadan shaandhooyinka aan firfircoonayn waa codsiyada cod-weyneeyaha maqalka ama wareegyada sida shaandheeyayaasha iskutallaabta ah ee cod-weyneeyaha ama kontaroolada codka ee hore loo sii dheereeyo. Mararka qaarkood waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la dhaafo oo keliya tiro cayiman oo soo noqnoqosho ah oo aan ka bilaaban 0Hz, (DC) ama ku dhammaada meel sare oo soo noqnoqosho sare ah laakiin ku jira xaddi gaar ah ama koox soo noqnoqosho ah, ha ahaato mid cidhiidhi ah ama ballaaran.
Adigoo isku xiraya ama "ku soo ururinaya" hal wareeg oo shaandhada Low Pass ah oo leh wareegga shaandhada High Pass, waxaan soo saari karnaa nooc kale oo shaandhada RC-ga aan firfircoonayn ah oo dhaafa tiro la xushay ama "xariiq" oo ah mawjado kuwaas oo noqon kara kuwo cidhiidhi ah ama ballaaran iyadoo la dhimayo dhammaan kuwa ka baxsan xadkan. Noocan cusub ee habaynta shaandhada aan firfircoonayn waxay soo saartaa shaandho xulasho soo noqnoqosho ah oo loo yaqaan shaandhada Band Pass ama BPF marka la soo gaabiyo.
Si ka duwan shaandhada hoose ee gudbisa calaamadaha heerka soo noqnoqoshada hoose ama shaandhada sare ee gudbisa calaamadaha heerka soo noqnoqoshada sare, shaandheeyayaasha Band Pass waxay gudbisaa calaamadaha gudaha "xariiq" ama "faafin" tirooyin gaar ah iyada oo aan la qalloocin calaamadda gelinta ama aan la soo bandhigin buuq dheeraad ah. Xariiqdan soo noqnoqoshada waxay noqon kartaa ballac kasta waxaana si caadi ah loogu yaqaanaa shaandheeyayaasha Bandwidth.
Ballaca ballaca waxaa caadi ahaan loo qeexaa sida baaxadda soo noqnoqoshada ee u dhaxaysa laba dhibcood oo goynta soo noqnoqoshada ah oo la cayimay (ƒc), kuwaas oo ah 3dB oo ka hooseeya bartamaha ugu badan ama meesha ugu sarreysa ee dhawaaqa iyadoo la dhimayo ama la daciifinayo kuwa kale ee ka baxsan labadaas dhibcood.
Markaa si loo helo soo noqnoqoshada si ballaaran loo faafiyo, waxaan si fudud u qeexi karnaa ereyga "bandwidth", BW waa farqiga u dhexeeya soo noqnoqoshada goynta hoose (ƒcLOWER) iyo soo noqnoqoshada goynta sare (ƒcHIGHER). Si kale haddii loo dhigo, BW = ƒH – ƒL. Si cad si shaandhada baaska si sax ah u shaqeyso, soo noqnoqoshada goynta ee shaandhada baaska hoose waa inay ka sarreysaa soo noqnoqoshada goynta ee shaandhada baaska sare.
Shaandhada Baaskiilka ee "ku habboon" ayaa sidoo kale loo isticmaali karaa in lagu kala saaro ama lagu sifeeyo mawjadaha qaarkood ee ku jira koox gaar ah oo mawjado ah, tusaale ahaan, joojinta buuqa. Shaandhada baaskiilka waxaa guud ahaan loo yaqaan shaandheeyayaasha heerka labaad, (laba-cirif) sababtoo ah waxay leeyihiin qayb "laba" oo falgal ah, capacitors, oo ku jirta naqshadooda wareegga. Hal capacitor oo ku jira wareegga hoose iyo capacitor kale oo ku jira wareegga sare.
Shaxda Bode ama qalooca jawaab celinta soo noqnoqoshada ee kor ku xusan waxay muujinaysaa astaamaha shaandhada gudbinta band-ka. Halkan calaamadda waxaa lagu yareeyaa mawjadaha hoose iyadoo wax soo saarku uu ku kordhayo jiirada +20dB/Toban Sano (6dB/Octave) ilaa inta soo noqnoqoshadu ay gaarto barta "jarista hoose" ƒL. Inta jeer ee soo noqnoqoshada, danabka wax soo saarku waa mar kale 1/√2 = 70.7% qiimaha calaamadda gelinta ama -3dB (20*log(VOUT/VIN)) ee gelinta.
Wax soo saarku wuxuu ku sii socdaa faa'iidada ugu badan ilaa uu gaaro barta "jarista sare" ƒH halkaas oo wax soo saarku uu hoos ugu dhaco heer ah -20dB/Toban Sano (6dB/Octave) taasoo yareynaysa calaamadaha soo noqnoqda sare. Barta faa'iidada ugu badan ee wax soo saarka guud ahaan waa celceliska joomatari ee qiimaha laba -3dB ee u dhexeeya dhibcaha goynta hoose iyo sare waxaana loo yaqaan qiimaha "Xarunta Soo noqnoqoshada" ama "Xaddiga Ugu Sarreeya" ƒr. Qiimaha celceliska joomatari waxaa lagu xisaabiyaa inuu yahay ƒr 2 = ƒ(KOREEYA) x ƒ(HOOSE).
Ashaandhada gudbinta kooxdawaxaa loo arkaa shaandho nooc labaad ah (laba-cirif) sababtoo ah waxay leedahay "laba" qaybood oo falgal ah oo ku jira qaab-dhismeedka wareeggeeda, ka dibna xagasha wejiga waxay noqon doontaa labanlaab ka mid ah shaandheeyayaasha hore loo arkay ee heerka koowaad, tusaale ahaan, 180o. Xagasha wejiga ee calaamadda wax soo saarka ee LEADS ee gelinta +90o ilaa inta u dhaxaysa bartamaha ama soo noqnoqoshada resonant, dhibicda ƒr haddii ay noqoto darajo "eber" (0o) ama "wajiga" ka dibna ay isu beddesho LAG gelinta -90o marka soo noqnoqoshada wax soo saarku korodho.
Dhibcaha soo noqnoqda ee sare iyo hoose ee shaandhada band-ka waxaa laga heli karaa iyadoo la adeegsanayo qaacido isku mid ah oo loogu talagalay shaandheeyayaasha baska hoose iyo kuwa sare labadaba, Tusaale ahaan.
Cutubyadu waxay la yimaadaan isku xirayaasha dheddigga ah ee SMA ama N, ama isku xirayaasha 2.92mm, 2.40mm, iyo 1.85mm ee qaybaha soo noqnoqda sare.
Waxaan sidoo kale habayn karnaa Shaandhada Band Pass sida waafaqsan shuruudahaaga. Waxaad geli kartaa bogga habaynta si aad u bixiso qeexitaannada aad u baahan tahay.
Waqtiga boostada: Sebteembar-06-2022
